v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog
ePOU variant; enhanced dimerization on palindromic DNA elements, thermodynamic stabilization, and persistence in reprogramming cells; altered gene activation and retrotransposon binding
Prolonged lifespan in mouse model of premature aging; improved recovery from metabolic disease and muscle injury in older mice; mechanism: epigenetic remodeling and reprogramming
Inducible expression of Oct-3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (4F) in hepatocytes; partial reprogramming to progenitor state, reduced differentiated markers, increased proliferation markers
Enhanced liver regenerative capacity; mechanism: partial reprogramming, increased cellular plasticity, counteracting liver failure in mice
Constitutive MYC degradation; irreversible cell cycle exit and senescence, non-degradable MYC mutant restores cell division
Arginine-rich peptides (PR)n induce nucleolar stress; decreased translation and accumulation of free ribosomal proteins
Accelerated aging in mice; alleviated by rapamycin or mTOR inhibition; mechanism: reduced nucleolar stress and ribosome biogenesis
OSKM (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) induction; dedifferentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, transition to injury-responsive-like cell types
Transient OSKM expression; reversal of DNA methylation and transcriptional changes, especially in biological processes altered during aging
Extended longevity in progeroid mice; improved tissue repair capacity in aged mice; mechanism: epigenetic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic reversion to younger configuration
ABL-ERK-MYC signalling axis represses WIPI1 gene expression; increased WIPI1 enhances autophagic membrane formation
Prolonged lifespan in C. elegans; mechanism: enhanced autophagy via WIPI1/ATG-18, dependent on ABL deficiency
RhoA depletion; reduced Parkin expression, increased N-Myc expression, and inhibited mitophagy
Shortened lifespan, left ventricular dilation, and impaired ejection fraction in RhoA cKO mice; mechanism: impaired mitophagy and increased cardiomyocyte senescence
Mitochondrial complex III deficiency; triggers c-MYC overexpression, excessive anabolic metabolism, and illicit cell proliferation
Juvenile-onset progeroid syndromes, cellular senescence, and genomic instability in mice; mechanism: mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and aberrant cell cycle entry
Dppa2/4 heterodimer formation; global chromatin decompaction via DNA damage response pathway
Myc heterozygous mutation; decreased MYC expression, upregulation of miRNAs (let-7, miR-122, miR-29) targeting Igf1 transcript, reduced IGF1 protein levels
10-20% increased lifespan in Myc (+/-) heterozygous mice; mechanisms: reduced mTOR and IGF1 signaling, decreased incidence of age-related diseases
CYLD DUB deficiency (Delta9/Delta9 mutation); reduced reprogramming efficiency, disrupted mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
Ablation of astrocytic ceruloplasmin; altered iron homeostasis, reduced iron deposition in hippocampus, and changes in MAPK/JNK and PI3K/Akt/GSK3 pathways
Improved learning, memory, and recognition abilities in 18-month-old mice; mechanism: reduced oxidative stress, diminished cell apoptosis, and alleviated cellular senescence
Large deletion mutations; increased cleavage activity of H-DNA structures
Tissue-specific genetic instability with aging; increased mutation frequencies in spleen, unchanged in testis of mice; mechanism: H-DNA-induced mutations, genomic instability
S-Nitrosylation of MTA3; decreased NuRD activity, MTA3 mutant (2 cysteine residues replaced by alanine) impairs induced pluripotent stem cell generation
Deletion of Pot1b; activation of p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptotic pathways
Suppression of tumor formation in mice; mechanism: activation of apoptosis and cellular senescence, potentially contributing to longevity
miR-17 targets ADCY5 and IRS1; upregulates MKP7, FoxO3, LC3B, and HIF1alpha; downregulates mTOR, c-myc, cyclin D1, and JNK
Lifespan extension in mice; mechanism: inhibition of cellular senescence mediated by MKP7, enhanced autophagy, and repression of apoptosis
Near-complete body-wide Myc inactivation; altered metabolism, translation, and gene regulation
Extended lifespan in MycKO mice; 3- to 4-fold lower cancer incidence; mechanism: reduced Myc activity, altered gene sets involved in aging
p53R172P mutation; retains ability to activate p21 and induce senescence, but lacks ability to activate apoptotic genes
Significant delay in B-cell lymphoma development in Emu-myc::p53(515C/515C) and Emu-myc::p53(515C/+) mice; mechanism: p53-dependent senescence and cell-cycle arrest